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Chronology

Key dates

The Bronze Age: migration of indo-European communities engaged in sheep farming in the Carpath-Danubian-Pontic space and the appearance of the Thracian people.
Birth of the Dacian State in 1 BC.
271: formation of the Romanian nation as a result of symbiosis of two ethnic groups, the Dacians and the Romans; creation of the Romanian language in 9th -14th century and formation of the medieval Roman states.
1600: first unification of the three Romanian provinces, Wallachia, Moldavia and Transylvania under Governor Michael the Brave (Mihai Viteazul - 1593-1601). The unity lasted for a year after the assassination of Mihai in 1601.
1711: rising of the Phanariote Greeks in Moldavia and in Wallachia in 1716.
1812: After the Russia –Turkey war, the Romanian territory situated in eastern Romania was annexed into the Empire of Russia under the name Bessarabia.
1848-1849: revolution of Moldavia, Wallacia and Transylvania.
1859: unification of the Romanian principalities, Wallachia and Moldavia through the appointment of the same candidate in both countries, Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza. The new state was called Romania.
1866: beginning of monarchy in Romania through the appointment of a Prince Carol I of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen who was a foreigner (originating from West Germany) and creation of the first Romanian Constitution under the authority of Prince Carol I of Henzollern Sigmaringen.
1881: Romania became a Kingdom.
1877: The Independence War; Romania becomes independent and cut its relations with the Ottoman Empire.
April 1918: unification of Bessarabia with Romania.
1 December 1918: creation of the Greater Romania through the unification of Romania with Transylvania.
1926: the heir, Prince Carol II stepped down from the throne and left Romania.
July 1927: death of King Ferdinand. Michael (Mihai) was declared king but as he was a minor, the country was ruled by regency composed of Prince Nicolas of Hohenzollern, Patriarch Moron Crisea and Georghe Buzdugan – president of the High Court of Appeal and the High Court of Justice.
1930: King Carol II returned to Romania to claim the throne.
1938-1940: King Carol II instilled the royal dictatorship.
28 June 1940: Romania lost the north eastern territory comprising Bessarabia, Bucovinia and Harta to Russia.
6 September 1940: Carol II stepped down and enthroned his son Michael I.
24 January 1941: General Antonescu declared military dictatorship and Romania established a military and political relationship with Germany.
June 1941: Romania fought on the German side in the war against Russia.
23 August 1944: General Antonescu was arrested and King Michael declared Romania as a constitutional monarchy. Romania changed its politics and continued the military struggle, but this time on the side of the allies fighting against fascism.
November 1946: Romanian elections were held and the Communists falsified the results and obtained the victory.
30 December 1947: King Micahel abdicated and the Communist Party assumed absolute power, forbidding all other political orientations and later Romania became a Republic.
1948: Romania was governed by the Communist Party with Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej as the President (1948–1965).
March 1965: Nicolae Ceauşescu became the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and helped govern the country.
9 December 1967: N. Ceauşescu became President of the Council of the State.
March 1974: the Great National Assembly announced Nicolae Ceausescu President of the Socialist Republic of Romania.
1987-1989: Ceausescu rejected Gorbatchev’s proposition to establish the perestroïka and glasnost.
17 December 1989: beginning of the Romanian Revolution against the communist regime.
25 December 1989: Nicolae and Elena Ceausescu were executed.
9 February 1990: establishment of the temporary Council of the National as the first democratic structure since the communists came into power.
7 October 1993: Romania became a member of the Council of Europe.
29 March 2004: Romania became a member of the NATO.
1 January 2007: Romania became a member of the European Union.

D 28 September 2012    AIulian Isbasoiu ALaurenţiu Tănase ALucreţia Vasilescu

CNRS Unistra Dres Gsrl

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